Bill > HR5332

This bill directs the Comptroller General (head of the Government Accountability Office) to conduct a comprehensive technology assessment on liquid-cooling systems for artificial intelligence (AI) and high-performance computing facilities. The assessment aims to explore the growing energy demands of data centers, which are projected to increase from 4.4% of total US electricity consumption in 2023 to potentially 12.8% by 2028. The bill recognizes that traditional air-cooled systems are becoming inadequate for cooling high-density AI servers, and liquid-cooling technologies offer potential improvements in thermal performance and energy efficiency. The Comptroller General must review research and development needs, evaluate different cooling approaches like direct-to-chip (DTC) and immersion cooling, analyze market trends, assess coolant options, and develop recommendations for best practices. The review will involve consulting with stakeholders from government, private sector, academia, and national laboratories, and will result in a report to be submitted to the Secretary of Energy and congressional committees. Additionally, the Department of Energy will be required to review the report and provide an assessment of its recommendations, with a specific focus on maintaining the United States' global leadership in AI technologies. The bill also includes detailed definitions of key terms related to liquid cooling and AI to provide clarity and context for the assessment.

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https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/5332/all-info