Bill > A1715

This bill, known as the "John R. Lewis Voter Empowerment Act of New Jersey," aims to strengthen voting rights and prevent voter suppression and dilution, particularly for "protected classes" which include racial, color, or language-minority groups. It establishes that New Jersey's public policy is to encourage maximum participation in voting and ensure equal opportunity for all eligible voters, especially those in protected classes, to exercise their right to vote. The bill mandates that any laws or regulations related to voting be interpreted liberally in favor of protecting the right to cast and count a ballot, ensuring eligible individuals can register to vote without impairment, and preventing unlawful discrimination in voting. It also clarifies definitions for terms like "covered entity" (political subdivisions subject to certain criteria, like past discrimination findings), "covered policy" (new or modified voting rules), and "racially polarized voting" (voting where preferences differ significantly between protected classes and other voters). The Attorney General is now responsible for enforcing the act, with the Division on Civil Rights designated to handle enforcement actions, including investigations, litigation, and issuing guidance. The bill prohibits actions that result in a "material disparity" in voting access or participation for protected classes, or that impair their ability to participate in the political process, unless justified by a compelling state interest. It also addresses "vote dilution" by prohibiting election methods that impair the ability of protected class members to elect candidates of their choice or influence election outcomes, requiring courts to consider factors like historical discrimination and responsiveness of elected officials. The bill outlines a process for "preclearance," where certain political subdivisions ("covered entities") must obtain approval from the Attorney General before implementing new voting policies that could affect protected classes. It also mandates increased public engagement and transparency during redistricting processes and requires language assistance for voters with limited English proficiency. Finally, it establishes penalties for violations, allows for attorney's fees for prevailing plaintiffs, and sets forth provisions for public education on voting rights.